MHRMC 2004 Annual Report - The Macedonian
Minority in Greece
March 27, 2004
Macedonian Human Rights Movement of Canada
http://www.mhrmc.ca/reports/04/annual_greece.html
Table of Contents
Introduction
Greek Neo-Nazis
Threaten Macedonian Minority Party (Rainbow/Vinozhito)
Greek
Neo-Fascists Attack 50 Year Old Man
Greek
Government Harassment of Rainbow/Vinozhito
Macedonian
Language and the European Bureau for Lesser Used Languages (EBLUL)
Macedonian
Political Refugees Denied Entry into Greece
Macedonian
Theatre Group Denied Entry into Greece
Greece Refuses
to Register Home of Macedonian Culture Despite European Court Ruling
Macedonian
Orthodox Church and Father Nikodim Tsarknias
Greece’s
Official Stance Regarding the Macedonian Minority & US State Department
Report on Greece
Conclusion
Introduction
Greece vigorously denies the existence of any ethnic minorities on its
territory and attempts to suppress any voices that advocate human rights.
Simply raising the issue of the Macedonian minority in Greece causes Greek
citizens and politicians alike to react in outrage. The majority of Greek
society supports its government's non-recognition and discrimination of its
large Macedonian minority. Following are several examples of Greece’s constant
abuse of the Macedonian minority’s rights.
Greek Neo-Nazis Threaten Macedonian Minority Party
(Rainbow/Vinozhito)
Rainbow/Vinozhito, the political party of the Macedonian minority in Greece,
was forced to cancel its congress twice because of threats received from Greek
Neo-Nazi organizations. Vinozhito is a legal political party in Greece and did
not receive any guarantees of security by Greek police, nor did the Greek
government intervene despite repeated appeals by Vinozhito and the European
Free Alliance in the European Parliament (of which Vinozhito is a member).
Please see www.mhrmc.ca/issues/congress.html
for the letters ignored by the Greek government and other issues surrounding
the congress. No Greek media or politicians denounced the threats by the
Neo-Nazi organizations. Moreover, several media outlets actually praised the
Neo-Nazi threats! For photographs of the demonstrations and the newspaper
articles please visit the link above. Following are examples of Greece’s racist
advertising against its Macedonian minority:
“Anti-Greek Provocation in Edessa: On November 30, 2003, there will be a
congress of filoskopjans in Edessa. One by one events are published which
create a web that threatens to destroy everything national in our country.
(Golden Dawn – November 13, 2003)
“Three weeks ago “Free World” uncovered the complete program of the first
congress of the filoskopjans of the “Rainbow” party in which is stated the
non-Greekness of Macedonia... fortunately, there were residents in the area who
became alarmed by our publication and took action and denounced them and
finally not one owner of any hall in the town of Edessa would welcome the
congress of the filoskopjans.. It seems crystal clear that the sly plans of
some in our Macedonia are coming from high places. And when they found
themselves in a difficult place and were unable to hold their congress in a
private room they used a public hall. Well since they pursue this course they will
get the intimidation they asked for and next Sunday we will find Greek patriots
who will stop them. (Free World – Weekly Newspaper, November 30, 2003)
“We will oppose it, all of those who are Greek must demonstrate Sunday, 7th
December at 11:00am. They must be in Edessa to put an end to the propaganda of
‘Rainbow’. All together with one voice yell loudly ‘Macedonia is one and it is
Greek’” (Golden Dawn, Dec.4, 2003)
“Stop the Provocation by the Filoskopjans: The foreign interests of
"protectors" are to be found here from these marked internal agents
of every kind who are anti-Greek and filoskopjan and work to create by force an
issue of a skopjan minority in our Macedonia. We must react now because
tomorrow will be too late. We do not forget the traitors or those who work for
foreign interests. We cannot accept the sellout of Macedonia to the
Slavo-skopjans. We claim national dignity. No compromise of any kind for our
Macedonia. Rally Sunday, December 7th, 2003 at 11:00 AM In Central Edessa.
Everyone Must Be There! (Golden Dawn, December 4, 2003)
In its press release of December 8, 2003, the Rainbow Party describes the
events surrounding the postponement of its Congress:
“The guilty silence of competent authorities also raises reasonable
questions and so is the refusal of local party representatives to condemn those
phenomena of racist and Neonazist behavior in the city of Edessa.
Within the context of those incidents, the Congress Organizing Committee
decided to postpone the event, taking into consideration public safety, after
authorities failed to guarantee the security of the event, since holding the
event could potentially cause friction and spark off fights.
This is the situation in Greece, at the dawn of year 2004. Most probably,
Greece is only European country where Neonazism is a lawful political parole,
where racism, anti-Semitism, xenophobia and discrimination against minority
groups are frequent, making part of everyday reality, both at the level of
society and at the level of political parole and implementation.
This is the situation in Greece, the country hosting the 2004 Olympic Games,
promoting rather hypocritically the motto “for one single culture of all
cultures”; a country member of the European Union that vigorously refuses to
ratify the Council of Europe Convention-Framework on Minority Rights; a country
that refers to the members of Turkish minority as “Muslims” and does not
recognize the existence of a Macedonian minority; a country that refuses to
sign the Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, while only discussing the
rights of Greeks in Istanbul / Konstandinoupoli and Southern Albania.”
Bartlomiej Swiderek of the European Free Alliance made the following conclusion
after a visit to Greece on December 11, 2003:
“The Rainbow Party --Vinozhito, which has excellent links with minority
groups and human rights organisations in Greece copes with several problems
most of them linked with a lack of official recognition of the Macedonian
national minority in Greece. I have an impression that any activity of the
party, however peaceful, causes strong reactions from the far-right groups and
a part of Greek society very much linked to the myth of a "Hellenic purity
of the country" and scared of a "Slavo-Turko-European" plot directed
against Greece.
It really strikes me that the congress of a democratic and legal party had to
be cancelled for security reasons, while the far right groups can organise
their events without any problems. It is noteworthy, that openly Nazi organisations
like the mentioned "Golden Dawn" is legal in Greece and can disrupt
political activities of a minority party.
I suggest that EFA monitors developments in Greece and gives all necessary
assistance to the Rainbow-Vinozhito party in their activities.”
Greece is notorious for being openly racist against its ethnic minorities. It
is a disgrace to the European Union and the international community that the
very country that claims to be the "birthplace of democracy" allows,
and actually supports, the racist policies of its many fascist and Neo-Nazi
organizations.
Greek Neo-Fascist Group Attacks 50-Year Old Man
The following are excerpts from a September 1, 2003 article in the Greek
newspaper Eleftherotypia, titled “The Minister Yelled and the Police Woke Up”.
English translation courtesy of www.maknews.com
It was necessary for the Minister of Justice, Philippos Petsalnikos, to
intervene in order for the police to act and arrest two members of Golden Dawn
who were accused of beating a citizen.
The incident took place on the evening of Saturday, [August 30, 2003] during a
march by members of Golden Dawn in the city of Kastoria. According to
accusations from fifty year-old Christos Mihos, he was beaten by members of
Golden Dawn. A similar fate was suffered by a passerby who tried to help. Both
victims were taken to the hospital in Kastoria where they received medical
attention.
The victims wanted to sue the perpetrators and asked police to arrest the
attacker they had identified. However, the police "encouraged" the
victims to take the suit forward without naming their assailants! The issue
became known to Philippos Petsalnikos, who is the Minister of Justice and the
elected member of parliament from Kastoria.
The Minister stated to Eleftherotypia, "I reminded the police chief that
the incident took place on Greek territory and thus, the constitution and the
laws that foresee the taking of legal action against specific persons must be
implemented and especially their arrest given that they had been identified and
named by the victims."
After this nighttime intervention by the Minister, the police were mobilized in
the early morning hours whereupon they arrested the two persons responsible for
the attacks and charges were laid. Today they will be taken before the courts
in Kastoria. The Ministry of Public Order was also informed of the negligence
by the police.
All day yesterday 35 members of Golden Dawn remained outside the police
headquarters in Kastoria and for five hours blocked one of the busiest streets
in the city demanding the release of their two arrested members. At noon, in a
show of force, they travelled by bus to the town of Florina and marched along
the major streets shouting inflammatory slogans such as "the Slavs should
get out of Greece."
Greek Government Harassment of Rainbow/Vinozhito
The Rainbow Party has been the subject of attacks, both verbal and physical, by
the Greek public, media and even government officials. The Rainbow Party hung a
bilingual sign in Macedonian and Greek outside their office in Lerin/Florina in
1995, which caused a huge uproar in the city. Greek nationalists, led by the
mayor of Florina, attacked and destroyed the office. Four members of Rainbow
were subsequently put on trial for "causing and inciting mutual hatred
among the citizens" under Article 192 of the Greek Penal Code. Rainbow was
essentially put on trial for publicly using their mother tongue. Following
worldwide condemnation of the trial, the Rainbow members were finally acquitted
in 1998. However, the perpetrators of the crime were never charged and Rainbow
has initiated a European Court of Human Rights case against them.
Greek media and government officials constantly refer to Rainbow members as
“agents of Skopje”, “separatists” and “enemies of Greece.” Rainbow does not
receive coverage in the media when participating in elections and instead get
slandered at every opportunity.
The following are questions posed by Greek M.E.P. Mr. Stavros Xarhakos to the
European Parliament on March 19, 2003. The submission by Mr. Xarhakos was
titled, “EBLUL and the Systematic Defamation of a Member of the E.U.”
“It is well known that in Greece democratic freedoms and cultural difference
are fully protected in law. This is the context in which the Muslim minority
lives in Greek Thrace … its mosques built and restored with money from the
Greek state’.
‘What are the activities of EBLUL in countries where the cultural identity of
minorities is suppressed, as is the case, for example, with the Greeks … in
Turkey?’
‘Similar freedom is enjoyed by the other minority groups, however few they may
be, such as the small Slav-speaking community in the region of Florina, which
has set up a political party that enjoys complete freedom of action (it has
offices, newspapers, is free to disseminate its ideas and does not fail to
abuse Greece and the Greeks)’.
‘Does the Commission (which appears to provide financial support for the
activities of the EBLUL office) share the historically groundless views of M.
Brezigar concerning the alleged existence of a ‘Macedonian’ language?’
Macedonian Language and the European Bureau for Lesser Used
Languages (EBLUL)
In its report titled “The Sounds of Silence – The Macedonian Minority in Greece
in 2001”, the Greek Helsinki Monitor states:
“…the Greek government has persistently refused to allow the teaching of the
Macedonian language in schools, even in villages where the majority of
inhabitants speak Macedonian. The Greek government, via its Spokesperson
Minister for the Press and the Mass Media Dimitris Reppas, refused an appeal by
the European Parliament’s “Green and European Free Alliance” group to Prime
Minister Costas Simitis, in May 2000, for the recognition of the Macedonian
language and its introduction in the education system.”
Despite Greece’s opposition, the European Bureau for Lesser Used Languages
opened an office in Salonica in 2002, with Nase Parisis, an ethnic Macedonian
human rights activist, as its first president. It is ironic that EBLUL, which
promotes minority languages, has opened an office in a country that claims that
it has no minorities.
Macedonian Political Refugees Denied Entry
into Greece
On June 8, 2003, Greek Deputy Foreign Minister, Andreas Loverdos, made an
historic announcement pledging the free return of Macedonian political
refugees, evacuated from Greece as children during the Greek Civil War of
1946-1949. The child refugees (Detsa Begaltsi) have consistently been denied
entry into Greece simply because they assert their Macedonian ethnic identity.
They were excluded from the 1982 law that allowed the free return of political
refugees that were “Greek by genus”. Answering a question on the free visit of
"non-ethnic Greek" political refugees, Mr. Loverdos, stated that "since
we have overcome all these problems of the past and of the civil war... we want
to overcome this vestige too sooner rather than later...during this
summer."
The events that followed Loverdos’ “historic” announcement were indicative of a
country that views itself as a Western democracy but consistently proves itself
to be the very antithesis of one. Following a nationalistic uproar by a large
segment of Greek society, who were worried that the political refugees would
“incite” the local Macedonian population into a heightened sense of
nationalism, the Greek government reversed its decision and chose to impede the
reunion in any way possible. It then proceeded to announce, on July 3, 2003
that the political refugees will be allowed to enter the country from August 10
to October 30, and would only be allowed to stay for 20 days. The date of the
Detsa Begaltsi's Third World Reunion was well-publicized and was originally
going to take place from July 15-20, 2003. The Greek government's announcement
forced the organizers to reschedule the event to August 10-15, which caused a
large number of political refugees, particularly from Canada, the United
States, and Australia, to miss the event as they originally planned to enter
Greece before July 10.
It is remarkable that Greece, a European Union country, would reverse a
humanitarian decision in favour of state-sponsored racism that has been widely
endorsed in Greece.
Out of the people who tried to enter Greece for the reunion, it is estimated
that approximately two hundred Macedonians were denied entry into Greece during
the summer of 2003.
On July 20, 2003, Australian citizen Janko Kalinchev, born in the village of
Ovcharani (Meliti in Greek), and Canadian citizen Georgi Kizovski, born in Gabresh
(Gavros), attempted to enter Greece from the Republic of Macedonia in order to
visit their birthplaces. However, Greek border officials denied them entry and
refused to give them an explanation, instead saying that they were denied entry
for "other reasons".
According to Mr. Kizovski, "The Greek government keeps a blacklist of
people who are active in Macedonian organizations abroad and who openly declare
themselves as Macedonian. We were obviously returned at the border because of
our membership in the Association of Refugee Children from the Aegean Part of
Macedonia (Detsa Begaltsi) in Australia and Canada." Greek officials
have publicly stated that 80 Macedonian activists living abroad are on a
“blacklist”. In its press release of August 10, 2003, the Greek Helsinki
Monitor stated,
“Preventing their entrance on grounds of their activism directly contravenes
the special UN, OSCE, Council of Europe and EU provisions for the state's
responsibility to respect and even defend NGOs and human rights activists.”
In July, 2002, a border document proving the existence of this blacklist, which
had been denied by the Greek government, was given to Steve Pliakes, a
well-known Canadian-Macedonian activist. Furthermore, the Governor of the
Prefecture of Florina, Mr. G. Stratakis, publicly acknowledged the existence of
this blacklist on July 23, 2003. The ultra-nationalistic Greek newspaper,
Stohos, even published the names of approximately half of the Macedonians on
this list in a recent issue. In its press release of August 10, 2003 the
Rainbow Party describes the reunion:
Unfortunately, this “humanitarian measure” turned into a farce. Once again,
the large majority of Macedonian political refugees were denied entry into
Greece even for a simple visit. On 10 August 2003 a delegation from Rainbow was
present at the Niki – Negochani border station in Florina – Lerin. No political
refugee was permitted to enter Greece (of more than 20 individuals appearing
between 11.00 and 13.00) whose travel document recorded the bearer’s place of
birth with its former (Macedonian) name. Entry into Greece was forbidden to
those Macedonian political refugees with Republic of Macedonia passports, as
well as to those with passports from other countries, such as Australia, Czech Republic,
and Hungary. The border officials did not note on the forms the actual reason
why entry was denied (this, they explained to us orally), but instead cited
other reasons.
The absurdity of the matter of Macedonian political refugees holding travel documents
(passports) from the Republic of Macedonia is that Greece does not recognize
these passports because they record the name of country as the “Republic of
Macedonia.” Yet it asks the Macedonian refugees holding these passports to
change the name of their birthplace in a passport that Greece doesn’t
recognize. For this reason, following the interim agreement between the two
countries in 1995, the travel document that Greece recognizes is not the
passport, but rather a sheet of white A4 paper bearing the visa. Perhaps our
country ought to change its stand and finally accept Republic of Macedonia as
the name of our neighboring country?
As for the Macedonian refugees from other European countries that have signed
accession agreements with the EU (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland,
Slovenia), how will Greece explain such a refusal of entry to these
governments? How will it behave in April 2004 when these countries become full
EU member-states? How will it then explain the refusal of entry to equal and
law-abiding European citizens, who have the right to enter Greece simply by
presenting their personal identity cards? Will Greece then blacklist these
citizens as persona non grata?
Perhaps the Greek government and the Greek Foreign Ministry can explain – if
the reason for barring entry into our country is, indeed, the use of place
names, which are aspects of the linguistic and cultural heritage of both Greece
and Europe – why the use of these names should to be a reason to bar entry? Can
it provide us with an example of another European country that has barred entry
to its former citizens for the same reason?
Vana Niczowski and her husband Chris, both Canadian citizens of Macedonian
ethnicity, who had fled to Poland following the Greek Civil War, attempted to
enter Greece on July 21, 2003. Mrs. Niczowski was born in Statitsa (Melas in
Greek), Kostur (Kastoria) region and her birthplace was spelled “Kosturia” on
her passport. The Greek border official insisted that this was “not the Greek
name of the city and sounded too Slavic” and therefore, denied her entry.
Greece has consistently refused entry to people who use the original Macedonian
village/city name on their passports, instead of the new Greek toponyms applied
after 1926. In its press release of August 1, 2003, the Rainbow Party,
political party of the Macedonian minority in Greece, stated:
“Greece should establish a record of toponyms (both old and new), a practice
and a policy carried out in many democratic countries, especially since there
is such a provision in international texts related to the protection of the
heritage of linguistic, religious or ethnic minorities.”
The Greek government has used this as an excuse to deny entry to dozens of
Macedonian political refugees. The Rainbow Party goes on to say:
"Let every democratic citizen of Greece consider how he or she would
judge similar behavior from another country acting against its Greek minority.
Let us assume, for example, that the Albanian government forbids entry to one
of its former citizens, a member of the Greek minority, who abandoned Albania
in the course of the Greek-Italian war in 1940, was stripped of his Albanian
citizenship and had his property confiscated by the state. Assume that person
today resides in Canada or Australia and in his Canadian or Australian
passport, his place of birth is not mentioned as 'Drach' (the Albanian name of
a city in Southern Albania), but "Dirahio" (the name of the same city
in Greek).
How would we judge such an action of the Albanian government? How would we
judge the placement of other such citizens in a list of "personae non
grata" by the Albanian Foreign Office, because in Melbourne or Toronto
they participate in Greek and not Albanian cultural associations? What would we
say if the Albanian government stripped them of their citizenship and forbade
them as long as they lived to visit their families and their places of origin
in Southern Albania? Would we not correctly characterize such behavior as
racist and inhuman?”
Despite repeated requests by the MHRMC over the past 15 years, the Canadian
government has refused to confront Greece over its systematic persecution of
Canadian citizens. However, Canada has made similar requests of other
countries, including the United States, when border incidents involving
Canadian citizens occur. (See www.mhrmc.ca/press/02/letter.html
for the MHRMC's letter to Foreign Affairs Minister Bill Graham, imploring
Canada to investigate the several cases of Canadian-Macedonians being denied
entry into Greece in 2002. See www.mhrmc.ca/press/03/graham.pdf
for Mr. Graham’s outright dismissal of the MHRMC request). The Canadian
government applies a double standard when choosing when to defend its citizens
rights and which countries it confronts.
The following are comments made by Greek parliamentarian Evgenios Haitidis
regarding the Macedonian political refugees. They are indicative of Greek
society’s attitude towards the Macedonian minority:
“They are contemptible separatists, who appear to act undisturbed not only
outside Greece but inside Greece as well, under the tolerance or even the
assistance of government members”,
“Their primary goal is the recognition of a “Macedonian Ethnic Minority in
Greece”, while their ultimate goal is self-rule namely, the detachment of Greek
territory”.
Mr. Haitidis claims that the Macedonian political refugees “have been found
guilty in regular courts of law of being enemy collaborators and criminals and
are being characterized by strong anti-Greek activity abroad”.
On January 7, 2004, the Greek Deputy Foreign Minister, once again, announced
that the issue of the blacklist and Macedonian political refugees would finally
be solved. He pledged that the blacklist would be abolished and that no
conditions would be placed on ethnic Macedonians who wanted to enter Greece.
George Saragil, an ethnic Macedonian from Lerin/Florina, Greece, immigrated to
Canada in 1969 and became a Canadian citizen. He had travelled to Greece
several times in the 1980’s and 1990’s but was denied entry in July 2000 and
was told that he was on Greece’s blacklist. They instructed him to consult the
Greek Consulate in Toronto for more information. Following Mr. Loverdos’ second
announcement, Mr. Saragil sent a letter (www.mhrmc.ca/press/04/saragil.html)
to the Greek consulate in Toronto asking him to confirm the announcement and
whether he would be allowed to enter Greece. He has yet to receive a response.
Greece must be pressured to stop making empty promises and to finally solve the
issue of the Macedonian political refugees and blacklist. The European Union
must demand that one of its member nations stop discriminating against citizens
of other countries based solely on their Macedonian ethnicity.
Macedonian Theatre Group Denied Entry into Greece
The following is a quote by Tihomir Stojanovski, Art Director of the Macedonian
theatre group “Skrb I Uteha” at the Third Macedonian World Human Rights
Conference on September 20, 2003.
“We were supposed to visit, Lerin, Republic of Greece i.e. Aegean Macedonia
in September 2001. The Hellenic Liaison Office in Skopje told the Agency that
was supposed to take us to Greece and to get visas for us that: “this is
politics and plays in the Macedonians language are not allowed in that part of
Greece?!” We sent them many letters including the invitation of the Home of
Macedonian Culture in Lerin. We talked over the phone. They met us and they
told us that they would inform us about the visas in a written form. A long
time passed, and we have not received any information. I talked twice over the
phone with the Greek Consul Mr. Mihalopulos and he told me that Athens is not
issuing visas to us because of security reasons. They are not issuing any
written document that they are not giving us the visas. Unofficially, plays in
Macedonian are not allowed in this part of Greece?! I wrote open letters to Mr.
J. Papandreou, Minister of Foreign Affairs and to the Minister of Culture of
the Hellenic Republic. The Greek Helsinki Committee published the letters in
its annual report on human rights for 2001: 30 December 2001, “Sounds of
Silence”- The Macedonian Minority in Greece in 2001 (www.greekhelsinki.gr/bhr/english/special_issues/cerd.html).
Greece Refuses to Register Home of Macedonian Culture
Despite European Court Ruling
The European Court of Human Rights convicted Greece for a violation of freedom
of association in the case of Sideropoulos and others vs. Greece in 1998 for
failing to register the Home of Macedonian Culture. Despite repeated attempts
since then, the Home of Macedonian Culture (HMC) has encountered numerous
obstacles in trying to register the association. A complete summary of the
events surrounding Greece’s refusal to register the Home can be found at the
Greek Helsinki Monitor’s special webpage on the subject: www.greekhelsinki.gr/bhr/english/special_issues/home_of_macedonian_civilization.html
The most recent example occurred in June 2003 when the HMC filed an application
with the Single-Member Court of First Instance in Florina. After a lengthy
delay, the court issued its decision on December 19, 2003, rejecting the
application by the Home of Macedonian Culture and making the following
outrageous claims:
‘the formulation of the associations’ articles is unclear and can cause
confusion regarding its real goal…The use of the term ‘Macedonian culture’
intensifies this confusion by connecting this with a non-existent language,
described as ‘makedonski’…The recognition of such an organization contains a
direct danger to public order and provides an opportunity for exploitation by
foreign agents, who have tried from time to time, unsuccessfully, to fabricate
a historically non-existent ‘Macedonian nation’…For all the reasons mentioned
above, we reject the application.’
Greece continues to make a mockery of the European Court of Human Rights and
obviously has no intention of registering the Home of Macedonian Culture
despite the European Court’s decision of 1998. The European Union must enforce
its decision and force Greece to immediately register the Home of Macedonian
Culture.
Another Macedonian organization, Rousallii, was denied registration by the
Greek courts in 2000.
Macedonian Orthodox Church and Father Nikodim Tsarknias
Father Nikodim Tsarknias has been harassed, beaten, fined, jailed and expelled
from the Greek Orthodox Church for advocating human rights for the Macedonian
minority in Greece. He has also been the subject of several court cases, in
which he has been found guilty in absentia, for promoting Macedonian human
rights. He has an upcoming civil court case on May 11, 2004 for promoting the
“non-existent Macedonian nation” because he is building a Macedonian Orthodox
Church in the city of Sobotsko (Aridea in Greek) and is also holding religious
service in the Macedonian language there every Sunday.
In its report, “Sounds of Silence – The Macedonian Minority in Greece in 2001”,
the Greek Helsinki Monitor describes the attitude of the Greek Orthodox Church
towards Macedonians:
“At the same time, in the rare occasions that, despite the prevailing
hostility towards such actions, parents want to christen their children giving
them Macedonian names, the (civil servants) Orthodox priests refuse to do so
and often end up arbitrarily giving Greek equivalent names. In 2001, GHM and
MRG-G were informed of two such recent cases. On 23 April 1998, in the Meliti
(Florina, Western Macedonia) St. George church, the priest imposed the name of
Domna to the infant girl of Evangelos and Elizabeth Anastasiadis who wanted to
name her after her grandmother Donka.”
Greece’s Official Stance Regarding the Macedonian
Minority & US State Department Report on Greece
On April 7, 2003, the MHRMC issued a press release (www.mhrmc.ca/press/03/statedept.html)
following the US State Department’s “Country Reports on Human Rights Practices
– 2002: Greece” protesting its continued misrepresentation of the Macedonian
minority. The Greek Helsinki Monitor also protested with the US State
Department, boycotted the US Embassy in Greece, and filed complaints with the
Helsinki Commission of the US Congress. Following these protests, the US State
Department made some changes in its 2003 report (issued on February 25, 2004)
but it is still grossly inadequate and mirrors the official Greek position that
the Macedonian minority is illegitimate. Following are excerpts from our 2003
press release:
The Macedonian Human Rights Movement of Canada is appalled by the US State
Department’s continued misrepresentation of the Macedonian minority in Greece
in its “Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – 2002: Greece”. Despite
numerous appeals by the MHRMC and other international NGOs, (see the Greek
Helsinki Monitor’s press release of March 18, 2002: www.greekhelsinki.gr/bhr/english/organizations/ghm/ghm_18_03_02.rtf)
the US State Department continues to make erroneous statements regarding this
minority in what can only be seen as an attempt to appease Greek sensitivities
to the Macedonian issue. For example, when referring to the Macedonian
minority, the US State Department places the term Macedonian in quotation
marks. This gives the impression that the US State Department agrees with the
official Greek position that this minority is illegitimate. The Macedonian
minority and language are internationally recognized as such but the US State
Department questions its legitimacy throughout this report by referring to it
as “Slavo-Macedonian”, “Slavic dialect” and by making statements such as:
“Northwestern Greece is home to an indeterminate number of citizens who
speak a Slavic dialect at home, particularly in Florina province. Estimates
ranged widely, from under 10,000 to 50,000. A small number identified
themselves as belonging to a distinct ethnic group and asserted their right to
“Macedonian” minority status.”
Most estimates place the Macedonian minority at well over the numbers stated
above. Macedonians live throughout the region of Aegean Macedonia, not just in
the Lerin/Florina district. Furthermore, a large number identify as ethnic
Macedonians, not an insignificant segment of the population as this report
indicates.
Several local and international NGOs, including local Macedonian activists in
Greece, have repeatedly contacted the US State Department in order to provide
information about the human rights abuses suffered by the Macedonian minority.
The US State Department selectively chooses which information to use which
gives credit to the argument that its main agenda is to pursue its own
interests, not the achievement of human rights for oppressed minorities. The
Greek Helsinki Monitor ended its 2002 press release by stating:
“[The US State Department’s] attitude towards Macedonians in Greece, as
reflected in the annual reports, cannot therefore be considered an oversight,
or a result of lack of information; on the contrary it is a sustained and
deliberate policy of complacency towards Greek authorities on the most
sensitive human rights issue in Greece. Such complacency is not shown towards
Bulgarian authorities that have a similar sensitivity for Macedonians, whose
problems are mentioned in the relevant chapter.”
The MHRMC calls on the US State Department to correct its past errors and issue
an immediate press release to rectify its erroneous statements about the
Macedonian minority in Greece.
Conclusion
The Macedonian Human Rights Movement of Canada calls on the international
community to apply pressure on Greece to end its racial profiling of
individuals of Macedonian ethnic background, to immediately solve the issue of
the Macedonian political refugees, to repeal the racist 1982 law that only
permits ethnic Greek political refugees to return to Greece, and to immediately
recognize its large Macedonian minority and grant it the human rights that it
is guaranteed by all international human rights conventions. The MHRMC
specifically asks that the European Union end its hypocrisy in demanding that
new member states respect human rights standards while ignoring human rights
violations within the EU.
Written by:
Bill Nicholov
Vice-President, Macedonian Human Rights Movement of Canada
Address: P.O. Box 44532, 2376 Eglinton Ave. East, Toronto, Canada M1K 5K3
Tel: 416-493-9555 Fax: 416-412-3385
Email: mail@mhrmc.ca Website: www.mhrmc.ca
For more information, please contact the Macedonian Human Rights Movement of
Canada or the following organizations of Macedonians in Greece:
Rainbow Party/Vinozhito
Stephanou Dragoumi 11
PO Box 51, 53100 Florina, Greece
Tel/Fax: ++ 23850 46548
Email: rainbow@florina.org
Website: www.florina.org
Home of Macedonian Culture
Stephanou Dragoumi 11
PO Box 51, 53100 Florina, Greece
Tel/Fax: ++ 23850 46548
European Bureau for Lesser Used Languages - Greece
President - Nase Parisis
PO Box 100, TK 59100, Naousa, Greece
Tel: ++ 23850 22570
Email: greblul@otenet.gr
Website: www.eblul.org
Father Nikodim Tsarknias
Aegeas Sophias 13
Aridea, Pellas, 58400 Greece
Tel: ++23840 23271
Fax: ++23840 21778